Demographic trend and living conditions in post-taliban Herat This article illustrates the main results of socio-demographic field research conducted in Herat (Afghanistan) between 2010 and 2013. Based on survey data collected from a sample of more than 23,000 individuals, the author describes deep, ongoing changes in local society. Alongside a huge demographic increase and an impressive transformation of the urban landscape, the data testify to a deeper change in the cultural and social sphere. New expectations and behaviours are emerging, especially among young people and women, and local society appears increasingly fragmented into groups with their own specific needs and their own strategies for using urban space. Keywords: urban geography, demography, Herat.