This paper aims to establish a connection between the Greek Septuagint translation of Leviticus 11, concerning animal purity laws, and Aristotle’s zoological works. Examining the lists of unclean birds (11,13-20), edible insects (11,21s.), and unclean small reptiles and mammals (11,29s.) present in the biblical chapter, it is argued that the translators, when facing the many hermeneutical difficulties provided by the faunal nomenclature of the passage, departed from the Hebrew Vorlage and based their choices on the biological information given by Aristotle, especially in the Historia animalium.